Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

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MATERIALY

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Biomimetic principles and additive technologies for creation
of large-size composite space-based structures

O. Yu. Volkova, A. N. Polilov, A. E. Polyakov

The use of polymer composite materials (PCM) in space objects makes it possible to significantly reduce the weight of structures, increase their rigidity, dimensional temperature stability, and durability, which makes PCM in demand for promising orbital complexes, antenna systems, power plants, and space station frames. For space objects, it is not only the launch weight that determines the cost of delivery into orbit, but also the possibility of creating large-scale structures directly in space. Therefore, the creators of composite structures pay special attention to the possibility of using bio-like technologies, which are characterized by extremely low energy consumption in production and the possibility of simultaneously optimizing the shape of the product and the structure of its reinforcement. Natural examples being studied include composite part fasteners resembling the structure of a knot, honeycomb sandwich panel fillers resembling bee combs, bamboo-like tubular structures, and spider web-like mesh structures. Modeling and ground testing that simulate the effects of weightlessness and are necessary for verifying computational models and checking the reliability of deployable and transformable structures remain important issues. Modern methods of identification and optimization based on the processing of experimental data are used to evaluate their dynamic characteristics and refine material and geometric parameters. The possibilities of application of hybrid optimization algorithms are considered, as well as the use of multi-axis drive benches to reproduce spacecraft maneuvers. Promising additive technologies of composite structures creation and problems of robotic assembly in orbit are discussed. It was noted that further successful development of additive space 3D printing technologies is associated with the integration of interdisciplinary approaches — materials science, mechanics, system design and numerical modeling, which opens new opportunities for creating reliable and efficient space structures of the future.

Key words: large space structures, composite materials, transformable systems, ground testing, biomimetics, additive technologies, antennas, platforms, telescopes, compressed gas fuel vessels

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-5-18

Reference citing:
Volkova O.Yu., Polilov A.N., Polyakov A.E. Biomimeticheskie principy i additivnye tekhnologii sozdaniya krupnogabaritnyh kompozitnyh konstrukcij kosmicheskogo bazirovaniya [Biomimetic principles and additive technologies for creation of large-size composite space-based structures]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 5 – 18. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-5-18

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Materials of bismuth telluride and antimony solid solution
with graphene additives obtained by hot pressing

L. D. Ivanova, A. G. Malchev, I. Yu. Nikhezina, A. S. Lysenkov, D. S. Nikulin

Thermoelectric properties of samples of a Bi0,5Sb1,5Te3 solid solution of the p-type conductivity obtained by hot pressing powders prepared by melt spinning with graphene plates have been investigated. The microstructure and fractograms of chips of the samples were studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Thermoelectric parameters were measured at room temperature: the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity was measured in the temperature range of 200 – 500 K, the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured in the temperature range of 100 – 300 K. The lattice component of thermal conductivity and the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT are calculated. The influence of various conditions for obtaining hot-pressed samples on their thermoelectric properties is considered. The properties of hot-pressed samples are compared with those of materials obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS).

Keywords: melt spinning, hot pressing, graphene plates, thermoelectric properties.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-19-26

Reference citing:
Ivanova L.D., Malchev A.G., Nikhezina I.Yu., Lysenkov A.S., Nikulin D.S. Materialy tverdogo rastvora tellurida vismuta i sur'my s dobavkami grafena, poluchennye goryachim pressovaniem [Materials of bismuth telluride and antimony solid solution with graphene additives obtained by hot pressing]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 19 – 26. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-19-26

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

The additive forming of copper shunting elements on low-resistance permalloy

A. B. Grabov, D. Yu. Obizhaev, S. A. Zhukova

It was studied the process of microgalvanic Cu shunting strips forming from the electrolyte based on aqueous solute of copper glycinate directly on Ni81Fe19 magnetoresistive structures. The characteristics height of formed elements is 3 mkm with the gap between neighbor elements ≈ 800 nm. Conditions for shunting elements aspect ratio increasing in frame of Dukovic’s current distribution model and problems of deposit’s crystal habitus controlling is analyzed.

Keywords: anisotropic, magnetoresistive, shunting, microgalvanics.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-27-33

Reference citing:
Grabov A.B., Obizhaev D.Yu., Zhukova S.A. Additivnoe formirovanie mednyh shuntiruyushchih elementov na nizkoomnom permalloe [The additive forming of copper shunting elements on low-resistance permalloy]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 17 – 33. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-27-33

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Formation and stability of the porous structure of the adsorbent based on Zr(OH)4
for absorption of CO2 from the atmosphere of isolated objects

T. V. Konkova, A. N. Mikhalchenkova, Yu. P. Butylkin, P. A. Kharin,
S. N. Rukavitsin, A. S. Tsygankov

The development of effective adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture from various gas environments is an extremely urgent task today. The features of the formation of the porous structure of the Zr(OH)4-ZnO composite adsorbent, as well as its sorption properties with respect to CO2, are studied. It is established that the micro-mesoporous structure of the material is due to the presence of zirconium hydroxide, which is formed during the synthesis of the adsorbent mainly at the stage of hydrothermal treatment as a result of hydrolysis of zirconium hydroxycarbonate under the action of water vapor. The specific surface area and micropore volume of the Zr(OH)4-ZnO adsorbent granulated by extrusion vary in the range of 279 – 322 m2/g and 0.119 – 0.131 cm3/g, respectively, which is almost two orders of magnitude greater than these parameters for the original material. Zinc oxide is a stabilizing additive that prevents degradation of the porous structure of zirconium hydroxide and the adsorbent as a whole when it comes into contact with water vapor during synthesis and operation (at the regeneration stage). The material has demonstrated high sorption capacity for carbon dioxide under dynamic conditions (about 7.5 l CO2/l adsorbent) and stability over 4600 adsorption-desorption cycles, which allows it to be recommended for absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere of space complexes.

Keywords: zirconium hydroxide, zinc oxide, adsorbent, carbon dioxide, life support systems.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-34-42

Reference citing:
Konkova T.V., Mikhalchenkova A.N., Butylkin Yu.P., Kharin P.A., Rukavitsin S.N., Tsygankov A.S. Formirovanie i stabil'nost' poristoj struktury adsorbenta na osnove Zr(OH)4 dlya pogloshcheniya SO2 iz atmosfery izolirovannyh ob"ektov [Formation and stability of the porous structure of the adsorbent based on Zr(OH)₄ for absorption of CO₂ from the atmosphere of isolated objects]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 34 – 42. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-34-42

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Mechanical properties of cold-rolled annealed strips made of hypereutectoid tool alloy steel

I. D. Pospelov, D. V. Matveeva

The article presents a study of the mechanical properties of annealed 0.9-Cr tool high-carbon chromium steel after cold rolling with various reductions, which is not presented as a material in the standard GOST 21996-76. An assessment of the initial microstructure of the steel under study and its mechanical properties showed that the hot-rolled rolled steel has insufficient ductility, characterized by a pearlite-cementite structure and parameters of the tested elongation of δ5 in the range of 2.9 – 3.4 %. To increase the plasticity required for cold rolling deformation, a cyclic annealing mode with exposures above the critical point Ac3 has been developed, providing a favorable structure of spheroidized perlite and the carbide phase. The peculiarity of the formation of granular perlite, carbide phases and their spheroidization, mainly of a diffusive nature, during this annealing is confirmed by the absence of a sharp yield point and the short length of the yield point in the tensile diagram below. Evaluation of the mechanical properties of annealed samples after cold rolling with a relative reduction of 67% to a thickness of 0.99 mm allows rolling with the possibility of obtaining the required temporary tear resistance of ≥ 1580 MPa and hardness ≥ 486HV according to standart GOST 21996-76 for high-strength heat-treated cold-rolled strips without the risk of damage to the rolling rolls.

Keywords: 0.9-Cr instrumental hypereutectoid alloy steel, mechanical properties, cyclic annealing, microstructure, carbide phase, tensile diagram, cold rolling, regression equations.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-43-50

Reference citing:
Pospelov I.D., Matveeva D.V. Issledovanie mekhanicheskih svojstv holodnokatanyh otozhzhennyh lent iz zaevtektoidnoj instrumental'noj legirovannoj stali [Mechanical properties of cold-rolled annealed strips made of hypereutectoid tool alloy steel]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 43 – 50. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-43-50

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Obtaning the new heat-resistant epoxy composition based on ED-20 epoxy resin

E. T. Aslanova, M. N. Rashidova, A. A. Garayeva, S. Y. Heydarova, E. G. Iskenderova

In order to create new heat-resistant epoxy compositions based on ED-20 epoxy resin, triglyceride 1,2,3-tricarboxymethylimide of saccharin-6-carboxylic acid has been synthesized. The interaction reaction of triglyceride of saccharin-6-carboxylic acid with monochloroacetic acid was carried out. The composition and structure of the synthesized compound have been confirmed by data elemental analysis and IR-spectroscopy. The obtained product was used as a curing agent-plasticizer for industrial epoxy resin ED-20. For a comparative estimation of the thermal indices of the obtained epoxy composition, the structure of the composition of ED-20 + PEPA was also prepared. The optimal amount of hardener was selected by the method of thermogravimetry based on weight loss. It has been established that the obtained compound cures ED-20 epoxy resin under had temperature conditions, but when use of UP 606/2 curing accelerator, the curing temperature of the composition decreased. Thermal properties were determined by DTA and TGA methods, and some physical and mechanical properties of epoxy compositions were also studied. It is shown that the obtained epoxy compositions have high thermal and physical-mechanical properties, which leads to the conclusion that the synthesized compound can be successfully used as a highly effective curing agent-plasticizer for ED-20 epoxy resin.

Keywords: saccharin-6-carboxylic acid, curing agent-plasticizer, epoxy composition.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-51-58

Reference citing:
Aslanova E.T., Rashidova M.N., Garayeva A.A., Heydarova S.Y., Iskenderova E.G. Poluchenie novoj termostojkoj epoksikompozicii na osnove smoly ED-20 [Obtaning the new heat-resistant epoxy composition based on ED-20 epoxy resin]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 51 – 58. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-51-58

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

The analysis of ultrasonic impact on mechanical and tribological properties of stainless steel during direct metal deposition process

I. V. Shvarts, S. А. Nikiforov, A. I. Gorunov, А. Kh. Gilmutdinov

In this paper, the process of direct laser deposition of stainless steel specimens with ultrasonic exposure is studied. Three groups of specimens were prepared according to the developed growth strategies to investigate the mechanical and tribological characteristics. It was found that additional ultrasonic exposure leads to an increase in the hardness of the deposited layers by 8.2 %. At the same time, the hardness of the main metal zone does not undergo significant changes. The results of tensile strength tests show an increase in the average strength value by 44.3 MPa, which is equivalent to 8.9 %. Studies of the tribological characteristics showed that the wear resistance of the specimens obtained with ultrasonic exposure increased by 26.3 %. The introduction of ultrasonic vibrations is associated with changes in the microstructure and structure of the melt pool flows. These changes are presumably caused by the cavitation effect and acoustic streaming.

Keywords: direct metal deposition, ultrasonic vibrations, stainless steel, microstructure, tensile strength, hardness, coefficient of friction, Langevin transducer.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-59-68

Reference citing:
Shvarts I.V., Nikiforov S.А., Gorunov A.I., Gilmutdinov А.Kh. Vliyanie ul'trazvukovogo vozdejstviya na mekhanicheskie i tribologicheskie svojstva nerzhaveyushchej stali v processe pryamogo lazernogo vyrashchivaniya [The analysis of ultrasonic impact on mechanical and tribological properties of stainless steel during direct metal deposition process]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 59 – 68. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-59-68

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Using of friction stir processing for obtaining of CuAl9Mn2/tungsten composite material

A. M. Cheremnov, A. V. Chumaevskii, N. L. Savchenko, S. Yu. Tarasov,
A. P. Zykova, E. O. Knyazhev, D. A. Gurianov, E. A. Kolubaev

The paper studies samples of composite materials CuAl9Mn2/W with tungsten content of 5, 10 and 15 vol. %. The samples were produced by the method of multipass friction stir processing (FSP) with the intermixing of tungsten powder particles into the holes drilled in the matrix plates. It was found that one pass of FSP does not provide the formation of defect-free structure with homogeneous distribution of tungsten, while four passes of processing allow to achieve a homogeneous structure in the stir zone. Because of processing, the formation of intermetallic phase γ2-Al4Cu9 was observed in all the studied specimens. Increasing of the tungsten content led to an increase in the γ2-phase content due to the deterioration of the thermal conductivity of the material with tungsten. This led to the disintegration of the β-Cu3Al phase originally characteristic of CuAl9Mn2 into α-Cu(Al) solid solution and γ2-phase. Microhardness measurements showed an increase in values with increasing W content, especially at 15 vol%, indicating hardening of the material. However, the increase of tungsten content led to a decrease in the values of tensile strength, yield strength and elongation. These results indicate that copper-tungsten composites are promising as well as necessity of a balance between hardening and plasticity preservation in their design.

Keywords: friction stir processing, surface treatment, copper alloy, composite material, structural properties, phase composition, mechanical properties

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-68-77

Reference citing:
Cheremnov A.M., Chumaevskii A.V., Savchenko N.L., Tarasov S.Yu., Zykova A.P., Knyazhev E.O., Gurianov D.A., Kolubaev E.A. Ispol'zovanie frikcionnoj peremeshivayushchej obrabotki dlya polucheniya kompozicionnogo materiala BrAMc9-2/W [Using of friction stir processing for obtaining of CuAl9Mn2/tungsten composite material]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 68 – 77. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-68-77

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Test method for coarse-grained tungsten alloy samples for creep under compression deformation

E. A. Lantsev, A. V. Nokhrin, N. V. Malekhonova, A. V. Voronin, A. A. Murashov, D. A. Zotov

A method for studying the deformation mechanism in the creep mode during compression tests of industrial tungsten alloy samples is proposed. The tests are performed using a Dr. Sinter model SPS-625 vacuum spark plasma sintering unit. Compression tests are performed on cylindrical samples placed between two punches; the sample is heated by radiation heating from a graphite mold with a diameter greater than that of the sample. The temperature is controlled using an optical pyrometer focused on the surface of the graphite mold through which high-power millisecond current pulses are passed. Sample deformation is controlled using a dilatometer included in the Dr. Sinter model SPS-625 unit. Before testing, the temperature dependence of sample shrinkage is studied in the heating mode at a given rate. Creep tests are carried out in two modes: (i) isothermal holding at different temperatures (975 – 1050 °C) at a given stress (50 MPa), which allows estimating the creep activation energy; (ii) stress jump tests at a fixed temperature (975 °C), which allow estimating the coefficient n in the power creep equation. The activation energy of creep activation energy for tungsten alloy (~ 18 – 19 kTm) and the coefficient n in the power creep equation (n ~ 2.3) are determined. The calculated parameters of the creep equation correspond to the case of sliding and climb of lattice dislocations in a field of uniformly spaced point obstacles. The microstructure and microhardness of the samples after creep tests at different temperatures are studied.

Keywords: tungsten, creep, method, microstructure, microhardness.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-78-88

Reference citing:
Lantsev E.A., Nokhrin A.V., Malekhonova N.V., Voronin A.V., Murashov A.A., Zotov D.A. Metodika ispytanij na polzuchest' pri deformacii szhatiem obrazcov krupnozernistogo vol'framovogo splava [Test method for coarse-grained tungsten alloy samples for creep under compression deformation]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 1, pp. 78 – 88. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-1-78-88