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Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

PTx phase diagram of the Fe – Te system

M. I. Alymov, Yu. V. Levinsky, E. V. Vershinina

The iron-tellurium (Fe – Te) system belongs to highly specialized systems requiring more detailed study. Currently, the study of the nature of the interaction of these metals is important both for the production of pure tellurium and the purification of the latter from iron impurities, as well as in pyrometallurgy of iron and the purification of the latter from harmful impurities. Scientific studies of the system under consideration make it possible to predict the use of this combination of elements as additives in catalytic materials, in the development of structural and functional materials, as well as in the creation of composite coatings. The complexity of the analysis of the iron-tellurium system is associated with limited thermodynamic data, as well as a significant difference in the physical properties of the two metals. The substantial disparity in melting temperatures (1539 °С, 450 °C) and volatilities of the components render the currently used phase diagram in concentration-temperature coordinates inaccurate and weakly reflecting the actual behavior of metals in the system, as it does not take into account the pressure factor. The character of the processes occurring can be more accurately described using a three-coordinate phase diagram of temperature-pressure-concentration. Based on the analysis of experimental data on thermodynamics and the equilibrium of condensed phases in the Fe – Te system, a p – T – x phase diagram for the system has been calculated, constructed, and discussed. The possibility of using this diagram to create isobaric and isothermal sections at any temperature values within the range of 300 – 1000 °C and pressures ranging from 10^–3 to 10⁵ Pa is demonstrated. Examples of isobaric and isothermal sections are provided and discussed, as well as the phase diagram of the system in p_Te2– 1/T coordinates. The presented diagrams may be of interest to materials scientists and could be useful in the production and utilisation of alloys within the Fe system with tellurium impurities.

Keywords: iron-tellurium system, P – T – x state diagram, isobaric section, isothermal section, iron pyrometallurgy.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-5-11

Reference citing:
Alymov M.I., Levinsky Yu. V., Vershinina E.V. P – T – h diagramma sostoyaniya sistemy Fe – Te [PTx phase diagram of the Fe – Te system]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 5 – 11. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-5-11

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Influence of the carrier gas flow on the structure formation
of MoS2 films during metal-organic gas-phase deposition

V. V. Smirnova, V. Li, I. A. Zavidovskiy, S. M. Novikov, A. M. Markeev

The effect of the carrier gas flow (Ar + 10 % H2) on the structure of ultra-thin molybdenum disulfide films synthesized by gas-phase deposition from metal–organic molybdenum hexacarbonyl precursor and hydrogen sulfide has been studied. It has been found that, at fixed concentrations of molybdenum and sulfur precursors, changing the total gas flow significantly affects the growth mechanism and rate, as well as the structure and morphology of the films. It has been shown that the decomposition products of the molybdenum precursor cause parasitic reactions on the substrate surface, which lead to both a growth slowdown and a decrease in grain size. The role of hydrogen in binding the unwanted reaction products has been considered. The obtained results indicate the need for rapid renewal of the gas environment in the deposition zone in order to obtain films with a high-quality structure. Setting the required precursor flows and the total carrier gas flow allowed to implement a layer-by-layer growth mode for films with crystal domain sizes exceeding 100 nm. In addition, the domains in this case had a preferred orientation set by the substrate structure. The film samples synthesized at the highest carrier gas flow were used for fabrication of transistor structures and measurement of their basic electrophysical characteristics.

Key words: metal–organic chemical vapor deposition, molybdenum disulfide, oxidative etching, van der Waals epitaxy.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-12-22

Reference citing:
Smirnova V.V., Li V., Zavidovskiy I.A., Novikov S.M., Markeev A.M. Vliyanie potoka nesushchego gaza na strukturoobrazovanie plyonok MoS2 v processe metalloorganicheskogo gazofaznogo osazhdeniya [Influence of the carrier gas flow on the structure formation of MoS₂ films during metal-organic gas-phase deposition]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 12 – 22. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-12-22

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Microplasma porous oxide coatings for suppressing corona discharge on high-voltage power wires

A. I. Mamaev, V. A. Mamaeva, Yu. N. Bespalova, A. E. Ryabikov

Up to 30 % of total energy losses during electricity transmission via high-voltage wires with voltages of 300 kV and above, under conditions of fog, rain, and icing, are power losses due to corona discharge. One method for suppressing corona discharge is the application of porous coatings to the wires. Modeling the physicochemical regularities of the barrier layer formation in a porous wet layer upon the occurrence of a corona discharge on a steel-aluminum power wire allowed determining the thickness and porosity of such coatings. The optimal coating thickness is 10 – 20 μm. The pore diameter is 1 – 10 μm. Porosity is less than 15 %. An electrolyte, regimes, and a microplasma method for depositing effective porous oxide coatings with these parameters have been developed. Porous oxide coatings can increase the corona discharge inception voltage on wet wires with a radius of 2.75 mm by 4.86 kV, and also reduce power losses due to corona discharge during electrical energy transmission under conditions of dry and wet wire surfaces by up to 20 %. Recalculation of the corona discharge inception voltage for single power wires with a diameter of 1.24 cm showed the possibility of increasing the corona inception potential to 190 kV compared to 170 kV for a wire without coating. During numerous deformations of coated samples, no coating delamination is observed. The conducted studies have shown the promise of using porous oxide coatings for suppressing corona discharge on power electrical wires.

Keywords: corona discharge, modeling of corona discharge occurrence, microplasma non-metallic inorganic porous coatings, corona discharge suppression, reduction of energy transmission losses.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-23-34

Reference citing:
Mamaev A.I., Mamaeva V.A., Bespalova Yu.N., Ryabikov A.E. Mikroplazmennye poristye oksidnye pokrytiya dlya podavleniya koronnogo razryada na vysokovol'tnyh silovyh provodah [Microplasma porous oxide coatings for suppressing corona discharge on high-voltage power wires]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 23 – 34. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-23-34

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Study of the influence of heat treatment modes on the structure and properties of 20X13 steel

Yu. V. Sherina, V. A. Novikov, N. M. Blazhnov, Yu. N. Korotkova, I. A. Petrukhnov

This paper presents the results of a study examining the influence of heat treatment conditions on the structure and properties of martensitic stainless heat-resistant steel grade 20X13. The study analyzed the influence of quenching and tempering temperatures on the following mechanical properties: tensile strength, yield strength, relative elongation, relative contraction, impact toughness KCU–60, KCV–60, and also examined the microstructure of the samples. Based on the study results, recommendations are provided for optimal heat treatment conditions for 20X13 steel, ensuring the best combination of strength and ductility. It was found that when carrying out heat treatment according to the following mode: quenching from 1000 °C (holding for 2 hours) with cooling in oil and subsequent tempering at 700 °C (holding for 2 hours) with air cooling, it is possible to achieve a yield strength value of 575 MPa and an impact toughness of KCU–60 = 115.33 J/cm2, as well as KCV–60 = 39.67 J/cm2, which satisfies not only the requirements of GOST 5949-2018 (option 1), but also the uniform technical requirements of leading Russian oil and gas producing companies, such as PJSC NK “Rosneft”, PJSC “Lukoil” and PJSC “Gazprom Neft”. In the course of studies of the microstructure of experimental samples, it was found that a combination of high strength characteristics with satisfactory plastic properties is achieved due to the formation of a martensite 20Х13 phase in the steel structure with layers of troostite, a small amount of residual austenite, as well as a significant decrease in the density and size of the Cr23C6 phase. Fractographic studies showed the presence of a viscous fracture on samples in which, in addition to martensite, the presence of troostite and residual austenite is observed, despite the presence of a small amount of a small carbide phase, in the material structure.

Keywords: 20X13, heat treatment, microstructural studies, fractography, strength, impact toughness.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-35-44

Reference citing:
Sherina Yu.V., Novikov V.A., Blazhnov N.M., Korotkova Yu.N., Petrukhnov I.A. Issledovanie vliyaniya rezhimov termicheskoj obrabotki na strukturu i svojstva stali 20H13 [Study of the influence of heat treatment modes on the structure and properties of 20X13 steel]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 35 – 44. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-35-44

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Hardness of epoxy compositions filled with volcanic and activated zeolite depending on the properties of dian resins

V. S. Dutova, A. R. Valeeva, E. M. Gotlib, E. R. Galimov, A. R. Gimranova

The dependence of hardness of epoxy materials on the physico-chemical characteristics of the initial oligomers, as well as on the phase composition, content, and porosity of zeolites used as fillers, was studied. It was established that the highest hardness have cured polymers based on dian oligomers with a higher mass fraction of epoxy groups and, consequently, a higher cross-link density. A certain positive contribution to hardness is also made by lower contents of volatile substances and saponifiable chlorine in the resins. Depending on the hardness of the unfilled polymer, zeolites can either increase or decrease this important quality indicator of epoxy materials. The influence of the phase composition, porosity, and degree of zeolite filling on the hardness of cross-linked epoxy materials depends on the mass fraction of epoxy groups in the initial oligomers and the degree of their cross-linking.

Keywords: hardness, epoxy resins, zeolites, porosity, filler content, mass fraction of epoxy groups, easily saponifiable chlorine.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-45-50

Reference citing:
Dutova V.S., Valeeva A.R., Gotlib E.M., Galimov E.R., Gimranova A.R. Tverdost' epoksidnyh kompozicij, napolnennyh vulkanicheskim i aktivirovannym ceolitami v zavisimosti ot svojstv dianovyh smo [Hardness of epoxy compositions filled with volcanic and activated zeolite depending on the properties of dian resins]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 45 – 50.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Investigation of Al-B-Ni coatings for increasing the efficiency
of shaped charges during borehole perforation

M. S. Grechukhina, D. A. Demoretsky, O. S. Rakhmanin, A. V. Kutsepalova

The paper presents a study on increasing the efficiency of shaped charges for perforating wells by applying a combined coating based on reaction materials of the aluminum-boron (Al-B) system followed by electrochemical deposition of a nickel barrier layer. The experimental part includes a comparative analysis of seven samples, six of which contained a multilayer Al-B-Ni coating with a variation in aluminum dispersion (0.5 and 30 µm) and the seventh sample was a traditional copper lining used in the extraction of petroleum products. It was found that the proposed coating provides an increase in the diameter of the punched holes by up to 81 % (range of values: 1.73 – 3.79 cm) compared with the control sample made of copper cladding (2.09 cm), while the maximum result (3.79 cm) demonstrates the promising technology for intensifying the cumulative effect. Experimental tests have confirmed the superiority of the proposed coating in terms of penetration ability in comparison with traditional copper linings and unmodified analogues. The best results in terms of the diameter of the punched hole were achieved when using finely dispersed aluminum (0.5 µm) in the resulting coating. The data obtained substantiate the use of Al-B-Ni coatings to increase the efficiency of perforation in the oil and gas industry.

Keywords: shaped charges, reaction materials, aluminum-boron-nickel, electrochemical deposition, borehole perforation.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-51-61

Reference citing:
Grechukhina M.S., Demoretsky D.A., Rakhmanin O.S., Kutsepalova A.V. Issledovanie Al – B – Ni pokrytij dlya povysheniya effektivnosti kumulyativnyh zaryadov pri perforacii skvazhin [Investigation of Al-B-Ni coatings for increasing the efficiency of shaped charges during borehole perforation]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 51 – 61.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Modification of alkyd enamel matrix with carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide particles to improve the anti-corrosion properties of coatings

M. T. A. Al-Khalidi

The effect of modifying the matrix of alkyd enamel with carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide particles on the anticorrosive properties of the coating was studied. The effect of the nanofiller concentration on the anticorrosive properties of alkyd enamel was assessed. The modified coating was obtained by introducing nanofillers in the form of carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide particles using ultrasound and mechanical stirring. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the presence of silicon oxide in the sample with carbon nanotubes. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the morphology of the obtained materials. The corrosion resistance of the samples was studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that the introduction of a nanofiller, which is carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide, had a significant effect on improving the corrosion-resistant properties of the coating based on alkyd enamel. The best anti-corrosion properties were obtained with a mass concentration of nanofillers of 0.349 wt. %

Keywords: alkyd enamel, anti-corrosion coatings, modified carbon nanotubes, silicon oxide, nanofiller.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-62-70

Reference citing:
Al-Khalidi M.T.A. Modificirovanie matricy alkidnoj emali uglerodnymi nanotrubkami, pokrytymi chasticami oksida kremniya, dlya uluchsheniya antikorrozionnyh svojstv pokrytij [Modification of alkyd enamel matrix with carbon nanotubes coated with silicon oxide particles to improve the anti-corrosion properties of coatings]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 62 – 70. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-62-70

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Determination of boron and impurity element contents in tungsten borides and boron nanopowders

V. A. Volchenkova, O. M. Levchuk, S. S. Strelnikova, K. A. Solntsev

Using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, methods have been developed for determining the content of B, Cu, Ni, Fe and W in a wide range of concentrations from 1∙10–3 to n∙10 % in materials based on tungsten boride and boron without separating the matrix or using certified solid standard samples. An optimal scheme for dissolving nanopowders of tungsten borides with acid mixtures has been proposed: (HCl + HNO3 = 3:1) + HF + H3PO4 in open vessels, ensuring complete solubilization of all analytes. No losses of boron were observed during mild heating of samples (100 – 120 °C) in an open system either in aqua regia (HCl + HNO3 = 3:1) or in a mixture of HCl + HNO₃ + HF. Similar results of boron contents were obtained by dissolving samples using various methods both in open systems and closed ones (microwave autoclave oven MARS 5). The results of boron determination were confirmed after sample fusion with sodium peroxide. Optimal analytical parameters for ICP-AES determination of B, Cu, Ni, Fe and W have been found. The influence of the matrix element tungsten on the analytical signals of analytes and ways to account for it have been studied.

Keywords: tungsten borides, boron, analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, B, Cu, Ni, Fe, W.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-71-78

Reference citing:
Volchenkova V.A., Levchuk O.M., Strelnikova S.S., Solntsev K.A. Opredelenie soderzhanij bora i primesnyh elementov v nanoporoshkah boridov vol'frama i bora [Determination of boron and impurity element contents in tungsten borides and boron nanopowders]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 71 – 78. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-71-78

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Potentiodynamic study of the effect of strontium on the anodic behavior of the aluminum conductive alloy AlV0.1 in NaCl solution

I. N. Ganiev, K. Kh. Ashurov, Sh. Sh. Okilov, N. I. Ganieva, Kh. M. Khodzhanazarov

The electrochemical behavior of an aluminum conductor alloy AlV0.1 doped with strontium has been studied by the method of potentiostatic polarization at a potential expansion rate of 2 mV/s in an aqueous NaCl solution. Analysis of the time dependence of the strontium potential leads to a potential shift in the positive direction. It has been found that an increase in strontium concentration contributes to a shift in the potential of free corrosion, as well as the potentials of repassivation and pitting formation in a positive direction along the ordinate axis. As the chloride ion concentration in the NaCl solution increases, the electrochemical potentials of the strontium-doped alloy AlV0.1 shift to the negative region. This is accompanied by an increase in the rate of corrosion, regardless of the alloy composition. It has been shown that the addition of strontium reduces the corrosion rate of aluminum conductor alloy AlV0.1 in NaCl by 14-18%.

Keywords: aluminum conductor alloy AlV0.1; strontium; potentiostatic method; NaCl solution; microstructure; corrosion potential; pitting potential; corrosion rate.

DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-79-88

Reference citing:
Ganiev I.N., Ashurov K.Kh., Okilov Sh.Sh., Ganieva N.I., Khodzhanazarov Kh.M. Potenciodinamicheskoe issledovanie vliyaniya stronciya na anodnoe povedenie alyuminievogo provodnikovogo splava AlV0.1 v srede rastvora NaCl [Potentiodynamic study of the effect of strontium on the anodic behavior of the aluminum conductive alloy AlV0.1 in NaCl solution]. Perspektivnye Materialy [Advanced Materials] (in Russ), 2026, no. 8, pp. 79 – 88. DOI: 10.30791/1028-978X-2026-8-79-88